The 1952 Revolution : How the 4th International and the POR betrayed the revolution which could have carried Trotskyism to power.
by José Villa : References

References


1. The CON was the predecessor of the COB.
2. Memorias del primer ministro obrero, Waldo Alvarez, La Paz, 1986, p.188.
3. Lucha Obrera, 12.6.52, p.3.
4. Trotskyism in Latin America, Robert J Alexander, Hoover Institution Press, California, 1973, p.134.
5. Sindicatos y revolució n, G. Lora, La Paz, 1960.
6. La Revolució n Boliviana: Aná lisis crí tico, Guillermo Lora, La Paz, 1963, p.254.
7. Boletin Interno, no 13, POR, 1953, p.11.
8. Lucha Obrera, 18.4.52, p.2.
9. Rebelió n en las venas, James Dunkerley, Ed Quipus, 1982, La Paz, p.50 - Verso edition p.45.
10. Rebellion in the Veins, Verso, London, 1984, p.64. (The editor of the English text omitted `allegedly' before `controlled'. Note by Eds of RH.)
11. Labor Action, 27.10.52. Shachtman's paper.
12. Rebelió n en las venas, p.52, Verso Edition, p.46.
13. Labor Action, 7.4.52.
14. Contribució n a la historia politica de Boliviana, G Lora, Vol 2, pp.237-238.
15. The Militant, 12.5.52, (Lora interview Part 1, SWP New York.
16. The Militant, 12.5.52, Lora interview Part 1, SWP New York.
17. The Militant, 19.5.52, Lora interview Part 2, SWP, New York.
18. The Militant, 12.5.52, Lora interview Part 1, SWP, New York.
19. The Militant, 19.5.52, Lora interview Part 2, SWP, New York.
20. "A Letter on the Bolivian Revolution", S Ryan, 1.6.52, SWP Internal Bulletin.
21. Boletin Interno, no.13, POR, undated, p.10.
22. La revolució n boliviana: Aná lisis crí tico, G Lora, La Paz, 1963, p.254.
23. Rebelió n, 1.5.52, p.8-9.
24. "Gualberty Villarroel (...) Our proletarian homage to the memory of the martyr president", ibid, p.9.
25. Lucha Obrera, 12.6.52, p.3.
26. Lucha Obrera, 29.6.52, p.4.
27. Lucha Obrera, 18.4.52, p.2.
28. Boletin Interno, no.13, 1953, p.7.
29. Lucha Obrera, 25.5.52, p.3.
30. ibid, p.301.
31. Boletin Interno, no.13, POR, undated, p.8.
32. Movimiento obrero y procesos politicos en Bolivia: Historia de la COB 1952-1957, Jorge Lazarte, EDOBOL, La Paz, 1989, p.280.
33. Lucha Obrera, 15.7.52, p.1.
34. Lucha Obrera, 29.1.52, p.2.
35. Boletin Interno, no.13, POR, p.11.
36. Trotskyism in Latin America, Robert J Alexander, p.125.
37. Lucha Obrera, 1.6.52, p.2.
38. Internal Bulletin, no.17, August 1953, SWP, New York, p.40. The second Ryan letter, dated 4.8.53.
39. ROSCA was the mining oligarchy - Eds note.
40. Lucha Obrera, 25.5.52.
41. ibid, p.277.
42. Contribució n a la historia politica de Boliviana, G Lora, Vol 2, p.231-232.
43. Bolivia: la revolució n inconclusa, James M Malloy, Ceres, La Paz, 1989, p.243.
44. ibid, p.243-244.
45. A History of the Bolivian Labour Movement, Lora, Cambridge, p.281.
46. ibid, p.284.
47. La revolució n Boliviana: Aná lisis crí tico, Lora, La Paz, 1963, p.267.
48. ibid, p.270.
49. ibid, p.298-299.
50. Lucha Obrera, 23.1.53.
51. Lucha Obrera, March 1953, p.1.
52. See interview in Facetas 5.7.87.
53. Nahuel Moreno always claimed .......in its bureaucracy.
54. La Revolució n Boliviana, G Lora, p.262-263.
55. Movimento obrero y processos polití cos en Bolivia, Jorge Lazarte, p.6.
56. ibid, p.7.
57. As Stuart King so .... Permanent Revolution, no.2, p.36
58. Boletin Interno, no.13, POR, p.12.
59. The Third International after Lenin, Trotsky, Pathfinder, New York, 1970, p.181. Stalin, el gran organizador de derrotas. La III Internacional despues de Lenin, Trotski, El Yunque, Bs As, 1974, p.241.
60. The author may be incorrect in assuming that
61. The Communist International 1919-1943: Documents, ed Jane Degras, Vol 1 Cass, 1971, p.427. (The author is wrong. Zinoviev drafted the theses which represented a compromise between the lefts and right. In `Dialogue with Heinrich Brandler' (Marxism, Wars and Revolutions, Deutscher, Verso, 1984) the latter says: "Radek was accused by Moscow of being the author of my definition of the five forms of workers' government. In reality, he tried to prevent this definition from being adopted; not because he thought it incorrect but, as I learned years later, because it irritated Zinoviev, and Radek found this inconvenient for his factional struggle in Moscow." pp.158-159. Brandler advanced it at the 8th Congress of the KPD in January 1923, just after the 4th Congress of the Communist International which took place in Nov-Dec 1922. See Revolutionary History Vol 2, no.3 pp.1-20. Eds note.)
62. ibid, p.426.
63. ibid, p.426.
64. Contribució n a la historia politica de Boliviana, Lora, Vol.2, La Paz, 1978, p.253.
65. Lucha Obrera, 11.11.52, p.3.
66. Lucha Obrera, 11.11.52, p.2.
67. Lucha Obrera, 25.5.52, p.3.
68. Bolivia: la revolució n derrotada, Liborio Justo, Cochabamba, 1967, p.224.
69. Lucha Obrera, 2.8.53, p.1.
71. Internal Bulletin, no 17, August 1953, SWP New York, p.50.
72. ibid p.10.
73. Memorias del primer ministro obrero, Waldo Alvarez, La Paz, 1986, pp.283-84.
74. El Sindicalismo Boliviano, Ricardo Catoira Marí n, La Paz, 1987, p.43.
75. Contribució n ... Vol 2, Lora, La Paz, 1978, p.228.
76. El Sindicalismo Boliviano ... p.48.
77. LO, 3.5.52, p.3.
78. LO, 25.5.52. p.1.
79. LO, 12.6.52, p.1
80. LO, 12.6.52, p.2.
81. LO 12.6.52, p.3.
82. The Third International After Lenin, LD Trotsky, Pathfinder, New York, pp.169-170.
83. LO, 3.8.52, p.3.
84. LO, 5.8.53, p.1.
85. Villarroel was lynched in 1946. Eds note.
86. LO, 6.2.53, p.1.
87. LO, 29.6.52.p.4.
88. LO, 11.11.52, p.1.
89. Boletin Interno, no.13, POR, p.9.
90. Revolution Bolivienne 1952-1954, Pierre Scali, La Verité , supp. no.333, 22.4.54, p.20.
91. LO, May 1953, p.2.
92. Poder y Fuerzas Armadas 1949-1982, General Gary Prado Salmó n, Cochabamba, 1984, p.33.
93. La revolució n boliviana, G. Lora, p.271.
94. LO, 15.7.52, p.1.
95. Poder y Fuerzas Armadas 1949-1982, p.40.
96. Poder y Fuerzas Armadas 1949-1982, pp.52-54.
97. Historia de una leyenda: Vida y palabra de Juan Lechí n Oquendo, Lupe Cajias, La Paz, 1989, p.148.
98. LO, 3.8.52, p.3.
99. LO, Supplement 3.2.53, p.4.
100. LO, 11.11.52, p.3.
101. LO, 11.11.52, p.3.
102.LO, 29.11.52, p.2.
103. LO, Supplement 3.2.53, p.3.
104. The Third International After Lenin, Pathfinder, New York, 1970, p.218.
106. Rebellion in the Veins, Dunkerley, Verso, pp.70-71.
107. LO, 29.6.52, p.4.
108. LO, 6.2.53, p.1.
109. Rebellion in the Veins, Dunkerley, Verso, p.73.
110. Trotsky ante la revolució n nacional latinoamericana, Juan Ramon Peñ aloza, Bs. As., 1953, pp.152-154.
111. Boletin Interno, no.13, POR, p.3.
112. LO, 27.9.53, p.4.
113. LO, 3.11.53, p.1.
114. Contribució n a la historia polí tica de Bolivia, G Lora, Vol.2, La Paz, 1978, p.241.
115. Fourth International, January- February 1953, p.16.
116. International Information Bulletin, January 1953, SWP New York, p.24.
117. Actualizació n del programa de transició n, Nahuel Moreno, Caracteres Ed, Bogota, 1990, pp.40-41.


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